Pain and Inflammation

37140	Plethysmometer
37215	Analgesy-Meter
35100	Hot/Cold Plate
37370	Plantar Test (Hargreaves Apparatus)
37360	Tail-Flick Unit
37300	I.R. Heat-Flux Radiometer
37450	Dynamic Plantar Aesthesiometer
38500	P.A.M. Pressure Application Measurement
37450/277	Von Frey Hairs (with grid)
31300	Orofacial Stimulation Test (Fehrenbacher, Henry, Hargreaves method)

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Muromachi Microwave Fixation

Products > Pain and Inflammation > 37360 - Tail-Flick Unit

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37360 - Tail-Flick Unit

The Ugo Basile Tail Flick has been designed to accurately measure nociceptive threshold to infrared heat stimulus on the rat or mouse tail. The operator starts the stimulus and when the animal feels pain and flicks its tail, a sensor detects it, stops the timer and switches off the bulb. The reaction time of the animal is thus determined automatically.

More Info

Features and Benefits
Specifications
Accessories
Bibliography

FEATURE	BENEFIT
Tail-flick is scored automatically, by a fiber optic	Precise score, free of human variability
USB memory key and software are included	Works as a stand-alone or connected to the PC
No protruding elements and unobstructed surface	Work confortably and get excellent reproducibility

Commands:	via “soft keys” or pedal switch	Connection to PC:	through DELTA 9-pin connector. Serial and USB connection
Read-out:	multifunction graphic display	Power Requirement:	universal mains 85-264 VAC, 50-60Hz
Print-out:	by optional thermal mini-printer	Operating Temperature:	15° to 30° C
Starting:	via keys on the I.R. Vessel. Additional key on the controller	Sound Level:	< 70 dB
I.R. Intensity:	adjustable in the interval 10-99 (in one-digit steps)	I.R. Bulb	Halogen "Bellaphot", Mod. 64607 OSRAM, 8V-50W
Reaction Time:	displayed on the graphic display, in 0.1s steps	Calibration	via appropriate I.R. Radiometer
Cut-Off Time:	presettable from 15 to 60 seconds

37360-325:	Mouse Restrainer, 25 mm I.D.
37360-330:	Mouse Restrainer30 mm I.D.
37300	Heat-Flux I.R. Radiometer
57145	Mini Printer

Method

- F.E. D’Amour & D.L. Smith: "A Method for Determining Loss of Pain Sensation." J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 72: 74-79, 1941.

- D.C. Yeomans & H.K. Proudfit: “Characterization of the Foot Withdrawal Response to Noxious Radiant Heat in the Rat” Pain 59: 85-97, 1994.

Papers Mentioning UB Models

- C. Dawson et alia: “ Dexmedetomidine Enhances Analgesic Action of Nitrous Oxide” Anesthesiology 100 (4): 894−904, 2004

- P. Tolu et alia: “ Effects of Long-Term Acetyl-L-carnitine Administation in Rats: I. Increased Dopamine Output in Mesocorticolimbic Areas and Protection Toward Acute Stress Exposure” Neuropsychopharmacol. 27 (3): 410-420, 2002

- R. Nadeson et alia: “ Potentiation by Ketamine of Fentanyl Antinociception. I. An Experimental Study in Rats Showing that Ketamine Administered by Non-Spinal Routes Targets Spinal Cord Antinociceptive Systems” Br. J. Anaesthesia 88 (5): 685−691, 2002

- L. Jasmin et alia: “ The NK1 Receptor mediates Both the Hyperalgesia and the Resistance to Morphine in Mice Lacking Noradrenaline” PNAS 99 (2): 1029−1034, 2002

- G.L. Fraser et alia: “ Antihyperalgesic Effects of Opioid Agonists in a Rat Model of Chronic Inflammation” Br. J. Pharmacol. 129: 1668−1672, 2000

- M. Xu et alia: “ Effects of Radolmidine, a Novel α₂- Adrenergic Agonist Compared with Dexmedetomidine in Different Pain Models in the Rat” Anesthesiology 93 (2): 473−481, 2000

- A. Köster et alia: “Targeted Disruption of the Orphanin Fq/Nociceptin Gene Increases Stress Susceptibility and Impairs Stress Adaptation In Mice” Neurobiology 96 (18): 10444-10449, 1999

- I. Sora et alia: “Opiate Receptor Knockout Mice Define µ Receptor Roles in Endogenous Nociceptive Responses and Morphine-Induced Analgesia” Neurobiology 94: 1544-1549, 1997

- C.T. Dourish et alia: "The Selective CCK-B Receptor Antagonist L-365,260 Enhances Morphine Analgesia and Prevents Morphine Tolerance in the Rat" Europ. J. Pharmacol. 176: 35-44, 1990

- P.W. Nance & J. Sawinok: "Substance P-Induced Long-Term Blockade of Spinal Adrenergic Analgesia: Reversal by Morphine and Naloxone" J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. Vol. 240, No. 3: 972-977, 1987